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    AlexD

    This is how the Afghans retell their history (as extracted from their website)

    1826 - 1839 Dost Mohammad Khan takes Kabul, and establishes control. During his rule the status of Afghanistan became an international problem, as Britain and Russia contested for influence in central Asia. Aiming to control access to the northern approaches to India, the British tried to replace Dost Muhammad with a former emir, subordinate to them. This policy caused the first Afghan War (1838-42) between the British and the Afghans. Dost Muhammad was at first deposed but, after an Afghan revolt in Kabul, was restored. In 1857, Dost Muhammad signed an alliance with the British. He died in 1863 and was succeeded, after family fighting, by his third son, Sher Ali.

    King of Afghanistan (1826 - 39; second time 1843 - 63)
    1832--1833 Persia moves into Khurasan (province), and threatens Herat. Afghans defend Herat successfully.

    1834-- (May) Afghans lose Peshawar to the Sikhs; later they crushed the Sikhs under the leadership of Akbar Khan who defeated the Sikhs near Jamrud, and killed the great Sikh general Hari Singh. However, they failed to retake Peshawar due to disunity and bad judgment on the part of Dost Mohammad Khan.

    1836 Dost Mohammad Khan is proclaimed as Amir al-mu' minin (commander of the faithful). He was well on the road toward reunifying the whole of Afghanistan when the British, in collaboration with an ex-king (Shah Shuja), invade Afghanistan to curtail the growing Russian and Persian influence.

    1839 - 1842 Shah Shuja is installed as a "puppet king" by the British .

    First Anglo-Afghan War

    After some resistance, Amir Dost Mohammad Khan surrenders to the British and is deported to India. (1839-1842)

    April 1842--Shah Shuja killed by Afghans. 1842-1844 Akbar Khan (Afghan hero) is victorious against the British. The ferocity was such that the 16,500- B British garrison with 12,000 support staff and dependents were wiped out. Only one survived, of mixed British-Indian garrison, reaches the fort in Jalalabad, on a stumbling pony.

    Mohammad Akbar Khan was a major player in the defeat of the British army in the first Anglo-Afghan War (1839-1842). He outsmarted and killed Sir William MacNaughten, a top British official who highly advocated the invasion and subjugation of Afghanistan by the British army. Mohammad Akbar was very ambitous and wanted to regain all the land that was lost by the Afghans, and rebuild another great empire, similar to Ahmad Shah Abdali's. However, his father, Dost Mohammad Khan, who wanted to work with the British, feared his son's rise to power. Many believed that Amir Dost Mohammad poisoned his own son at the age of 29. Mohammad Akbar Khan is highly revered by Afghans today, and is seen as a major historical hero. A residential area of Kabul is named after him.

    By 1843 the nation declares independence, Dost Khan returns to occupy the throne.
    In 1844, Akbar Khan dies.

    1843 - 1863 Dost Mohammad Khan comes back and occupies the royal throne. After the annihilation of British troops, Afghanistan once again becomes independent.

    1859-- British take Baluchistan , and Afghanistan becomes completely landlocked.
    1863 - 1866 Sher Ali Dost Mohammad Khan's son , succeeds to the throne.

    King of Afghanistan (1863 - 66; second time 1868 - 79)
    (1865)--Russia takes Bukhara, Tashkent, and Samerkand.
    1866 - 1867 Mohamad Afzal

    Mohammad Afzal occupies Kabul and proclaims himself Amir.
    October, 1867--Mohammad Afzal dies.
    1867 - 1868 Mohammad Azam

    Mohammad Azam succeeds to the throne
    1868--Mohammad Azam flees to Persia
    1868 - 1879 Sher Ali reasserts control

    1873 Russia establishes a fixed boundary with Afghanistan and promises to respect its territorial integrity.

    1878-British launch their second war. For the second time, the Afghans' spirited resistance forces them to withdraw. Sher Ali dies. Mohammad Yaqub Khan takes over but concedes to the British such key territories as Khyber and Pischin. The Afghans will never get back these regions.
    1879 - Amir Muhammad Yaqub Khan takes over until October 1879.

    Amir Muhammad Yaqub Khan gives up the following Afghan territories to the British: Kurram, Khyber, Michni, Pishin, and Sibi. Afghans lose these territories permanently.
    Kabul occupied by British forces

    1880 - 1901 Abdur Rahman takes throne of Afghanistan. He was, however, recognized by the British as emir in 1880, and he supported British interests against Russia..

    Battle of Maiwand
    July 1880, Afghan woman named Malalai carries the Afghan flag forward after the soldiers carrying the flag were killed by the British. She becomes a hero for her show of courage and valour.
    The British, shortly after the accession of the new Amir, withdraw from Afghanistan, although they retain the right to handle Afghanistan's foreign relations.
    Abdur Rahman establishes fixed borders and he loses a lot of Afghan land.
    Nuristan converted to Islam.

    1885- Russian forces seize the Panjdeh Oasis, a piece of Afghan territory north of the Oxus River. Afghans tried to retake it, but was finally forced to allow the Russians to keep Panjdeh, and the Russians promised to honor Afghan territorial integrity in the future.

    1893- The Durand line fixes borders of Afghanistan with British India, splitting Afghan tribal areas, leaving half of Afghans in what is now Pakistan.
    1895 Afghanistan's northern border is fixed and guaranteed by Russia
    1901-- Abdur Rahman dies, his son Habibullah succeeds him.
    1907- 1919 Habibullah Khan's regime.Russia and Great Britain sign the convention of St. Petersburg, Agreement reached between British and Russian governments over the territorial integrity of Afghanistan

    1919 - 1929 Amanullah Khan (The reform King)

    1921--Third Anglo-Afghan war.
    1929 - 1930 Habibullah Kalakani (Bachae Saqaw)

    1930 - 1933 Nadir Khan takes the throne; his tribal army loots government buildings and houses of wealthy citizens because the treasury was empty. Habibullah Kalakani, along with his supporters, and a few supporters of Amanullah Khan are killed by Nadir Khan. Now Nadir Khan establishes full control.

    1933-- Nadir Khan was assassinated by a High School student whos father served Amanullah Khan and was killed by Nadir Khan.
    Zahir Shaw, at the age of 19 inherits the throne, even though he did not want to take the throne. He rules until 1973. Zahir Shah's uncles serve as prime ministers and advisors until 1953.
    Mahmud Tarzi dies in Turkey at the age of 68 with a heart full of sorrow and despair toward his country.

    1940 - 1973 Zahir Shah proclaims Afghanistan as neutral during WW2

    The rest I think you know.

    As a pointer no Afghan has been arrested in the UK for terrorist acts. Maybe its more aboout destroying the Poppy fields rather than fighting the insurgents and Mr Al (underneath the arches) Qaida (Al Qaeda) both spellings are accepted.

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